There is nothing arbitrary about Runes, and small wonder: Runes express the cosmology of a people that lived at the North Pole even before the Paleolithic, who took their interpretation of the world and its spiritual and material qualities with them when ice began to cover their homeland and forced them ever further south and east.
What we know today as the Elder Futhark, or the Holy Runic Line, is one expression of this cosmology that centered around the sun, its rising and setting, and its yearly cycle.
The beginning of this cycle is not, as one might think, the dawn of each day, but rather the middle of winter, the Winter Solstice. From there, the runic line marches counter-clockwise like the stars, rising from the south into the east, one to the north, reaching its zenith on the Summer Solstice, then setting again through the west and back into the south, only to be reborn to a new rising. One could illustrate it thus:
The graphic is taken from Herman Wirth’s “Der Aufgang der Menschheit”, Abb. 59
Starting from this premise, it is not too difficult to apply the 24 runes of the Elder Futhark to certain zodiac signs, starting on the Winter Solstice with Fehu for the first half of Capricorn, and ending with Dagaz for the second half of Sagittarius. Keep in mind that with zodiac signs as well as with runic symbolism, transitions are fluid rather than static, so use the given dates as general guidelines.